Genetics can affect body fat distribution, particularly abdominal fat storage. Several genetic factors affect body fat distribution and body area shape and size.
Metabolic Genes: Changes in metabolism and energy expenditure genes affect calorie burning. Some people are genetically predisposed to a slower metabolism or decreased belly fat burning.
Insulin, cortisol, and sex hormones are regulated by genes. Genetic differences in these hormone pathways alter fat distribution.
Genetics and Inflammation: Chronic inflammation is linked to abdominal obesity. Insulin resistance, connected to central fat distribution, can be hereditary.
Body Form Genetics affect body shape and composition. Some people are naturally apple-shaped, with more fat around the waist and abdomen.
Population-Specific Genes: Some ethnicities and populations have genes that affect body fat distribution. Some populations are genetically predisposed to abdominal fat storage.